There are very few years where we can say that they seem to exist as a coherent period of time, a single unit that is distinguishable from other time periods. The year 2010 seems to be one of those years. Whether it is because we are heading for the end of the year as we started with bad weather and snow disrupting large areas of the country, or that we are facing a VAT rise to 20% at the beginning of 2011 as we faced a rise to 17.5% at the beginning of 2010, this year has seemed to be one of completeness.
Apart from the VAT rises, what do we have to look back on this year? The General Election in May reshaped the political map with a coalition Government for the first time since the Second World War. Since then we have seen the start of a promised big shake up with a hard hitting budget and intentions to cut the number of quangos and slash public sector jobs.
The budget brought in a number of measures designed to help business and boost trade. Top of the list was the decision to reduce corporation tax with the main tax being reduced from 28% by 1% per year for the next four years and small business corporation tax also being reduced by 1% to 20%. Although an increase in capital gains tax to 28% for higher rate tax payers was announced, this was less than feared.
Small businesses did particularly well out of the budget with the cutting of business rates so that 345,000 businesses would pay no rates at all and incentives for businesses setting up outside London and the South. Businesses looking to invest and grow also benefited from the doubling of the annual investment allowance to £100,000.
Lending to business was given a boost in the Budget with Lloyds and the Royal Bank of Scotland agreeing to increase lending to small businesses. However, businesses continued to report difficulties in obtaining loans and the latest figures show continuing reductions in net lending to business.
Business stability has been helped by the retention of interest rates at 0.5% throughout the year and expectations that the rate will remain unchanged well into 2011. This base rate stability is despite the level of inflation which remains consistently over the 2% target and is expected to stay high until at least the end of 2011.
The new Government also brought in the Office of Tax Simplification with a mandate to review and simplify our current tax systems. So far they have come up with over 1,000 different tax reliefs and allowances and are consulting on how many of these can be cut. Part of their remit is to include a review of IR35, the regulations governing whether a worker can be treated as self-employed or an employee.
Elsewhere, the signing of the European Parliament Late Payment Directive forces public and private organisations to pay invoices within 30 days or face penalties and surcharges. Although this is weaker than current UK regulations which oblige public bodies to pay within 10 days, the current regulations aren’t always observed.
In other moves to cut down on the burden of paperwork faced by businesses, HMRC & Companies’ House have brought in a combined filing platform for small companies. The drive for online filing continues with online VAT filing to be compulsory from 2012. HMRC are also in consultation about ways of simplifying payroll calculations. Hopefully this will save the need for a repeat of the tax exercise seen this year when HMRC wrote to thousands of individuals requesting payment of back taxes.
October saw an announcement on the increase in the national minimum wage and the introduction of the new equality act affecting a range of employment issues. The spending review in the same month announced cuts in welfare and government budgets and bringing forward the rise in the retirement age.
For business 2010 has been all about the recovery from recession. Confidence was boosted in January with the news that Britain had come out of recession in the last quarter of 2009. Since then, mixed news on housing, loans to business and uncertainty over the election has caused confidence to judder on a number of occasions. With economists now agreeing that there is no prospect of a slide back into recession and the Office of Budget Responsibility forecasting greater growth rates than previously expected we can look forward to 2011 with greater hope.